Cá tầm, Trứng cá tầm [Món ngon từ cá tầm, trứng cá tầm]

Sturgeon ndi nsomba yapadera yomwe imadziwika pang’onopang’ono ndi anthu ambiri. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, kunali kovuta kupeza shopu ya sturgeon m’dera limene ndinkakhala. Tsopano, sturgeon yakula kwambiri ndikutukuka kumadera ambiri Kumpoto chakumadzulo. Komabe, mtengo wogulitsa wa kilogalamu ya sturgeon yatsopano si yotsika mtengo, pafupifupi mazana angapo zikwi / kg. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimaphikidwa ndi zakudya zambiri zokoma monga: sturgeon roe, sturgeon hotpot kapena sturgeon yokazinga… sturgeon.

Za sturgeon

Sturgeon ndi dzina la nsomba yomwe ili ndi dzina lasayansi la Acipenser yokhala ndi mitundu yopitilira 21 yomwe idapezeka. Sturgeon ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zakale kwambiri zomwe zakhalapo mpaka pano.

Chiyambi ndi kugawa

Nsomba imeneyi imapezeka m’madzi a ku Asia, Europe ndi North America. Sturgeon ali ndi kutalika (wamkulu) pafupifupi 2.5-3.5m kuti mutha kuwona mosavuta m’moyo weniweni. Komabe, pali mitundu ina ya achibale omwe amatha kulemera kuposa tani imodzi ndi kutalika kwa 4m.

Nsomba zamtunduwu zidawoneka zaka zoposa 100 miliyoni zapitazo ndipo zimagawidwa m’mitundu 4, mitundu 25; kuphatikizapo sturgeon wammphuno wamfupi, sturgeon ya nyenyezi, sturgeon yoyera, beluga ndi sterlet. Mitundu ina imakhala m’madzi abwino okha, koma ina imakhala m’nyanja yotseguka, m’nyengo yoberekera imasambira kubwerera ku mitsinje.

Makhalidwe a sturgeon

Mofanana ndi shaki kapena kuwala, sturgeon alibe mafupa. Mafupa awo ndi cartilage (chokopa chomwe ndimakonda). Thupi la nsomba za tubular limakhala ndi mizere isanu ya nsana (zonse za cartilage), khungu ndi lolimba, lolimba, lolimba, komanso lopanda mamba. Small yopingasa nsomba pakamwa, palibe mano, yaitali chosongoka mphuno ndi tinyanga. Mtundu wa nsomba umadalira mtundu, zaka komanso malo olimapo.

Sturgeon ndi nsomba yomwe imakhala pansi, imagwiritsa ntchito mphuno yake yooneka ngati mphonje posakaza matope ofewa kuti adye nkhanu ndi nsomba zazing’ono.

Mitundu yotchuka ya sturgeon

Russian Sturgeon: Russia imadziwika kuti ili ndi sturgeon yabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Sturgeon ku Russia anagawira ku Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan. Kuphatikiza apo, amapezekanso ku Romania, Russia, Turkey ndi Ukraine alinso ndi nsombazi.

European Sturgeon: Amatchedwanso common sturgeon, Baltic sturgeon kapena Atlantic sturgeon. Amakhala m’magombe onse a ku Ulaya. Mtundu uwu pano ukhoza kutalika mpaka 4m, tsopano chifukwa cha nsomba zambiri, mtundu uwu wa sturgeon watsala pang’ono kutha.

Sturgeon yaying’ono: Mitundu iyi ya sturgeon imakhala makamaka ku Black Sea, Caspian, Azov, Baltic, Bach Hai, Barents, Kara ndi mitsinje yakumtunda kwa Russia. Amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha nyama yabwino kwambiri komanso kupereka mazira abwino kwambiri. Nsomba zazing’ono za sturgeon izi siziposa 1m kutalika.

Palinso mitundu ina ya sturgeon monga: sturgeon ya nyenyezi, sturgeon ya nyanja, beluga sturgeon yokhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana ndi madzi amoyo.

Ku Vietnam, sapa sturgeon imakulira makamaka ku Sa Pa, Lao Cai, Bac Kan … ndi madera ena kumpoto chakumadzulo. Sapa sturgeon nyama ndi kutafuna ndi mafuta. Pali mitundu iwiri ya nsomba ku Sapa: zoweta nyama ndi mazira.

Kodi mazira a sturgeon ndi chiyani?

Kuyang’ana caviar, palinso mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi mitengo “m’mitambo”. Payekha, ndikunena pamtambo chifukwa mudzadabwa kudziwa mtengo wake. Nyama ya sturgeon sizomwe olemera kwambiri amasamala nazo, koma mazira a sturgeon. Ikuyikidwa ngati imodzi mwa mbale 10 zapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi pomwe 1kg ya caviar imawononga pafupifupi 180 miliyoni VND / kg, mitundu ina imafikira 1.8 biliyoni VND/kg (Malingana ndi Dan Tri).

Kutengedwa golide wakuda, mbale yabwino imadya mtengo wonse wagolide chakudya chilichonse, kotero sturgeon caviar ndi yoti olemera kwambiri azisangalala nazo. Padziko lapansi, sturgeon caviar ku Russia ndi yotchuka kwambiri.

Mtengo wogulitsa mazira a sturgeon

Kupyolera mu kafukufuku, mtengo wa Caviar caviar umachokera ku 1,000-10,000 USD / kg malingana ndi khalidwe, kukula, ndi kuwala kwa mtundu uliwonse. Kukula kwa caviar, mtundu wowala, ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Odziwika kwambiri masiku ano ndi Sevruga sturgeon ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali (kuchokera ku 1,000-2,000 USD / kg), kupereka mazira ndi mtundu wowala komanso kukoma kwakukulu.

Osetra caviar ili ndi mtengo wokwera pang’ono kuposa pamwambapa (kuyambira $ 3,000- $ 5,000 / kg), bulauni wakuda ndi kuwala kwa golide, minofu kwambiri.

Beluga sturgeon caviar ndiyotsogola kwambiri kuposa mitundu iwiri yomwe ili pamwambapa ndi mtundu wanthawi zonse wa imvi, mazira akulu, onunkhira kwambiri, amtengo pafupifupi $ 8,000 / kg.

Zotsogola kwambiri ndi “Golden Caviar” zokhala ndi mtundu wa amber, izi ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi, pafupifupi 9,000-10,000 USD/kg.

Chifukwa chiyani sturgeon caviar ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri?

Chifukwa chomwe caviar ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri ndikuti sturgeon yoyera iyenera kukhala ndi zaka zoposa 20 kuti iyambe kukhala ndi mazira.

Njira yopezera mazira ndi kukonza ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zovuta. Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimabaya mazira podulidwa m’mimba. Mazira amapangidwa ndi njira ziwiri: mchere wachikhalidwe ndi mchere wotentha.

Gwero labwino kwambiri lazakudya: Caviar imawonjezera zakudya zambiri m’thupi la munthu. Mazira ali ndi zakudya zambiri monga calcium, phosphorous, mapuloteni, magnesium, iron ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, caviar imakhalanso ndi mchere wambiri ndi amino acid omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kuvutika maganizo, kuteteza matenda a mtima komanso kuonjezera kufalikira kwa magazi.

Ndemanga: Momwe mungaphikire mphika wotentha wa sturgeon pazakudya zabanja

Zakudya ndi zotsatira za nyama ya sturgeon

Kuwonjezera pa mazira a nsomba, nyama ya sturgeon ilinso ndi zakudya zambiri zomwe zimakhala zabwino kwambiri kwa amayi apakati ndi okalamba. Nyama ya nsomba imakhala ndi vitamini A, vitamini 12, phosphorous, selenium ndi B mavitamini monga B6, B12, ndi Niacin, omwe ali gwero lachilengedwe la DHA, omega3, ndi omega6.

Sturgeon cartilage imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mankhwala angapo omwe amapindulitsa mafupa ndi mafupa, amathandizira kukula kwa ana ndi kubwezeretsa mafupa a okalamba.

Makamaka kwa amayi, nyama ya sturgeon imatengedwa kuti ndi njira yachilengedwe yothetsera kukongola chifukwa nyama ya nsomba ndi nsomba za cartilage zimathandiza kubwezeretsa khungu mwachibadwa, kusamalira misomali ndi tsitsi.

Momwe mungasankhire sturgeon yokoma

Kuyambira kalekale, zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa kwambiri zimakhala ndi contraband (zopereka). Sturgeon ndi chimodzimodzi. Ngati sturgeon ziwiri za Vietnamese ndi China zikufanizidwa ndi diso, zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa. Komabe, muyenera kusamala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mutha kuzindikiranso katundu weniweni kudzera m’makhalidwe otsatirawa.

– Nsomba zaku China ndizonenepa komanso zazifupi, zakuda, mphuno yolunjika kwambiri. – Nsomba za sturgeon za ku China nthawi zambiri zimakanda kwambiri, mimba imakhala ndi madontho ambiri ofiira a magazi, zilonda ndi sturgeon nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosasuntha, osati kusambira. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha mayendedwe akutali. – Sankhani malo odalirika, abwino kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo.

Zakudya zokoma kuchokera ku nyama ya sturgeon

Ngati mukudabwa kuti sturgeon yokoma ndi chiyani, malingaliro omwe ali pansipa adzakhala ofunikira. Monga ndanenera pamwambapa, sturgeon ilibe mafupa, choncho kudya nsomba ndikotetezeka kwambiri. Nyama ya sturgeon ndi yolimba kwambiri, komanso imakhala ndi zakudya zambiri, choncho imakonzedwa kuti ikhale mbale zambiri zokongola. Komabe, pakati pa zakudya zokoma zosawerengeka, mbale ziwiri zodziwika kwambiri ndi sturgeon hotpot ndi sturgeon yokazinga.

Mbali yakumbuyo ya sturgeon yokhala ndi nyama yambiri nthawi zambiri imawotchedwa, mutu ndi mchira zimayikidwa mumphika wotentha wansungwi wowawasa. Zakudya ziwiri zilibe kanthu kufotokoza zambiri za kukopa.

Sturgeon yokazinga

Panopa, pali njira zingapo zokonzekera sturgeon yokoma yokoma. Mutha kuloza za sturgeon yowotcha ndi mchere ndi tsabola ndikuwotcha ndi galangal. Nthawi zambiri anthu amapanga sturgeon yowotchedwa ndi masamba a laksa ndi mchere wobiriwira.

Njira 1: sturgeon yokazinga ndi mchere ndi tsabola

Kukonzekera zosakaniza

– Sturgeon: 1 nsomba pafupifupi 2kg – Vinyo woyera – tsabola watsopano, ginger, adyo wouma – Mafuta a Sesame, msuzi wa oyster – Zokometsera: Shuga, mchere, monosodium glutamate, msuzi wa nsomba – Masamba: Zipatso zowawasa, letesi, masamba onunkhira, zobiriwira nthochi.

Momwe mungawotchere mchere ndi tsabola wa sturgeon

Gawo 1: Konzani sturgeon

– Sturgeon ili ndi khungu losalala, lowoneka bwino, kotero mukagula, muyenera kunyamula m’madzi otentha ndikutsuka choyera choyamba. Kenako, kudula chichereŵechereŵe pansi pa mimba ndi mbali ya nsomba, kuchotsa ngongole. Chotsani matumbo ndi mpeni ndikutsuka ndi madzi. – Kenako, gwiritsani ntchito mchere woyera popaka nyama ya nsomba ndikutsukanso poyeretsa. Kenaka dulani zidutswa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuphika komanso kudya.

Gawo 2: Konzani zosakaniza zina

– Ginger watsopano mumabweretsa madzi osenda, ophwanyidwa, ofinyidwa. – Zamasamba zomwe mumadya nazo muzitsuka ndikuzipukuta. – Adyo wowuma ndi tsabola watsopano mumabweretsa odulidwa.

Khwerero 3: sungani sturgeon

Kuti mbale yokazinga ya sturgeon ikhale yokoma, gawo la marinating liyenera kuyang’aniridwa. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi a ginger, adyo wothira, chilimu wothira, onjezani msuzi wa oyisitara, zokometsera, monosodium glutamate, shuga wochepa, vinyo woyera (Kuchuluka kwa marinade kumadalira kuchuluka kwa nsomba yokazinga yomwe muli nayo). – Kenako, mumasonkhezera zokometsera zokometsera pa nsombazo ndikuyendetsa kwa mphindi pafupifupi 30 kuti nyama ya nsomba itenge zokometserazo.

Khwerero 4: Ikani sturgeon

Kugwiritsira ntchito grill yamakala ndikoyenera kwambiri, kuphatikizapo, ngati mulibe, mungagwiritse ntchito uvuni.

– Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito uvuni, yatsani uvuniyo kwa mphindi 10, kenako ikani nsomba mu tray yophikira, kuphika kwa mphindi 20. – Ngati mwasankha kuwotcha ndi chitofu cha makala, konzani nsomba pamoto, dikirani pamoto, kenaka ikani nsomba pamoto. Nthaŵi zina, mumafalitsa marinade pamwamba kuti nsomba zisawonongeke ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatembenuzira kuti nsomba zisapse.

Khwerero 5: Zomaliza

Nsombayo ikakhala yagolide, mumayika nsomba pa mbale ndikuyipereka ndi zitsamba, letesi, ndi chinanazi chodulidwa. Mukadya, mumagwiritsa ntchito mchere, tsabola, ndimu, ndi zabwino. Nsomba yokazinga yokazinga yosakanizidwa ndi fungo labwino ndi zonunkhira pamodzi ndi msuzi woviika.

Njira 2: sturgeon yokazinga ndi galangal

Galangal sturgeon yokazinga ndi yofanana ndi njira yophika pamwamba, kungosintha pang’ono zosakaniza.

Kukonzekera zosakaniza

– Sturgeon: 1kg – Galangal watsopano: mababu ochepa – Lemongrass: 3 mababu – Batch: 1 mbale yaing’ono – Mafuta ophikira, mbewu zokometsera, shuga, monosodium glutamate, msuzi wa nsomba.

Masitepe oti mutenge

Gawo 1: Konzani zosakaniza

– Sturgeon yomwe mumagula imachitanso zomwe zili pamwambapa. – Galangal yanu idzasendedwa ndikudulidwa. – Lemongrass wosambitsidwa, kuwaza.

Khwerero 2: Marinate

Ikani sturgeon mu mbale, ndiye marinate ndi chiŵerengero: 3 supuni mtanda, 2 supuni nsomba msuzi, supuni 1 shuga, theka la supuni ya tiyi ya MSG, minced lemongrass. Sakanizani bwino ndikuyendetsa nsomba kwa mphindi 30 kuti mulowetse zokometsera.

Njira yophika ndi yofanana ndi njira yomwe ili pamwambayi, kugwiritsa ntchito uvuni kapena madzi amakala ndibwino.

Sturgeon hotpot

Mphika wotenthawu ndi wofanana ndi mbale zina zotentha mphika, wautali kwambiri ndikukonzekera ndi kukonza koyambirira. Nsomba zophika mumphika wotentha, mumakonzekeranso mosamala kuti mukamadya, palibe fungo la nsomba. Chonde onani momwe mungaphikire mphika wotentha wa sturgeon pansipa.

Zofunika

– Sturgeon: 1 nsomba – Tube bone – Chili, Green anyezi, chitowe, ginger wodula bwino lomwe muzu – ufa wa tirigu – Anyezi, anyezi wouma, adyo, phwetekere – Ndimu – Masamba a hotpot: Bowa, celery, Kolifulawa… – Vermicelli kapena shrimp Zakudyazi.

Momwe mungaphike mphika wotentha wa sturgeon

1: Konzani nsomba

Nsomba yomwe mumagula imayikidwa mu thireyi, ikani ufa pamwamba pa nsomba ndikusuntha kuchokera kumutu kupita ku thupi kuti muyeretse matope. Kenako sambani nsomba ndi madzi oyera ndikudula zipsepse, matumbo ndi matumbo. Dulani nsomba mu zidutswa (pafupifupi 3-4cm) ndikuyika mbale yokonzekera. Mutu ndi mchira wa nsombazo zimasiya kuphika mphika wotentha.

Khwerero 2: Ikani mphika wotentha

Ikani mphika wa madzi ndi mafupa pa chitofu kuti ziwiritse kupanga mphika wotentha (mutu wa nsomba ndi mchira wa nsomba kenako). Peeled zouma anyezi, peeled ginger, kudula pakati, peeled anyezi, osambitsidwa ndi kudula pakati. Ikani zonse mu ng’anjo kapena kuphika ndi makala mpaka zitanunkhiza bwino, kenaka phwanyani mumphika wamadzi otentha.

Kenaka, chepetsani kutentha kuti mphika wa madzi ugwere.

Gwiritsani ntchito poto ina kutenthetsa mafuta ophikira pang’ono ndi mwachangu anyezi mpaka kununkhira. Ikani mutu ndi mchira wa nsomba pachilumbachi mwachidule. Kenaka, mumayika msuzi pa tomato mpaka atakhala ndi mtundu, kenaka onjezerani msuzi wa nsomba pang’ono, zokometsera zokwanira kuti zilowerere mu nsomba, ndiyeno muzimitsa chitofu. Ikani zonsezo mumphika wotentha ndikuphika kwa mphindi 15 kuti mumve kukoma kwa nsomba. Nyengo kulawa. Zindikirani: pophika msuzi wa sturgeon hotpot, m’pofunika kuchepetsa moto kuchokera pakuphika fupa ndikuchotsa chithovu kuti msuzi wotentha ukhale wosamveka.

3: Konzani zosakaniza zina

Chili ndi njere zochotsedwa ndikuzidula bwino, mascallions, ndi masamba a katsabola amatsukidwa. Zigamba zotsalazo zimadulidwa muzidutswa ting’onoting’ono ndikuziponyera mumphika wotentha mutatha zokometsera zokwanira.

Zindikirani: anyezi ndi tsabola ayenera kupukutidwa ndi matope, osaledzeretsa chifukwa akamamenya scallions, amamasula fungo lobiriwira ndi mtundu, ndipo tsabola wofiira adzapanga kukoma kwapadera ndi mtundu wa mbale za hotpot.

Gawo 4: Zachitika

Ikani mphika wotentha mu chophika chodzidzimutsa ndikusangalala

-> Onaninso: Momwe mungaphikire mphika wotentha waku Thai

Epilogue

Kupatula caviar, yomwe ndi yokwera mtengo pang’ono, nsomba tsopano ndiyosavuta kugula kuposa kale. Ngakhale kuti sizodziwika ngati tilapia, carp, carp … koma sturgeon imakhalanso ndi malo osiyana poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa nsomba zomwe mumadya tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zati, nyama ya sturgeon si chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kuchitira alendo, abwenzi ndi achibale, mbale zokoma kuchokera ku sturgeon zidzakhala chisankho chabwino. Palibe mbale ziwiri zokha za sturgeon yokazinga ndi mphika wotentha wa sturgeon, koma pali zina zambiri. Ndisintha zambiri mgulu lazakudya zokoma tsiku lililonse. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi idzakhala yothandiza ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi nsombayi. Zabwino zonse!

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